CORRUPTION is the abuse of entrusted power for personal or private gain which undermines governance and public trust. The root causes of corruption in Pakistan`s public sector are multifaceted.

The serious lack of accountability, weak institutional frameworks, undue political interference and patronage encourage corrupt practices. Likewise, a low salary structure and poor working conditions also make public-sector employees vulnerable to the lure of corruption.

Furthermore, the utter lack of public awareness and education enables an overall environment where corruption is culturally accepted. Bureaucratic inertia and over-regulation further complicate any effortto tackle suchbad practices.The impact of corruption is far reaching that leads to negligence, inefficiency and a culture of impunity in public-sector organisations, erodingpeople`s trustin governance. Rather weak institutions and ineffective law enforcement lead to wastage of resources, thus undermining the state of public services.

Several measures should be taken, including strengthening the institutions, particularly the anti-corruption agencies and the judiciary. Promoting transparency through righ to information laws and e-governance can help reduce the level of corruption by making government actions more transparent. Merit-base d recruitment in the country can depoliticise the bureaucracy, while public awareness campaigns can empower citizens to demand accountability of their leaders.

Furthermore, improving public-sector wages and working conditions, offering whistle-blower protection, and enforcing swift prosecution of corrupt officials can all contribute to the target of reducing corruption and promoting progress in the public sector.

Iqra Yaseen Abbasi Karachi