PAKISTAN, as things stand, cannot hope overcome its economic predicament unless it promotes a culture of research through essential measures. First, introducing quality, free, across-the-board and compulsory education at the grassrootslevel will empower present and future generations with knowledge, analytical skills, and critical thinking to cope with challenges.

With national resources plundered and corruption rampant, the country can never emerge as a successful state, maintaining a vibrant economy or achieving an impressive ranking on the human security index. Also, it cannot establish effective mechanisms to handle natural disasters, poverty and social backwardness.

However, in both Western and nonWestern societies where leadership fosters a culture of research and innovation, discoveries, probing, doubt, inquiry, investigation and fact-finding, nations have experienced the emergence of a critical mass essential for a vibrant strategic research culture within educational centres.

Second, the absence of freedom of thoughtandintellectualdiscoursein addressing critical issues in Pakistan has deepened the culture of patronage and suppressed truth. In short, this absence has hindered the creation of vibrant research centres and policy-oriented think tanks capable of addressing domestic and foreign policy challenges.

Within the strategic culture of research, four key requirements exist: professionals, resources, programmes and leadership. Failure to focus on attaining these conditions will render Pakistan reliant on external aid for its economic survival, allowing extremism and terrorism to continue destabilising society and leaving the youthfrustrated and directionless.

Last but not least, the imperative role of philanthropists in promoting a strategicculture ofresearchis evident in developed societies where significant funding is provided by those individuals who are resourceful and are committed to serving the larger humanity through investments in promoting a strategic culture ofresearchinPakistan.

This is crucial not only for economic growth, but also for addressing societal challenges andfosteringinnovation.

Achieving this demands a combination of all e ducational reforms, intellectual freedom, philanthropic support, technological advancements, tailored to economic needs, international collaborations, and a long-term vision.

Moreover, it is vital to acknowledge that promoting a strategic culture of research extends beyond the academia.

It requires a comprehensive approach involving collaboration among educational institutions, government bodies, privatesector entities and civilsociety organisations.

By fostering active partnerships and encouraging interdisciplinary research, Pakistan can harness the collective wisdom and expertise of various stakeholders, leading to innovative solutions and sustainable development.

Zakir Ullah Mardan